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Results of the Online Reef Survey 95 + Aquariums
Survey results

Here are the averages of 95 + tanks.


Average tank size is:
84 gallons.
With a sump of 16 gallons. The is a sump to tank ratio of 5.3%
Containing 97 lbs. of live rock, or 1.25 lbs. per gallon.


Tank costs
This "averaged" 84 gallon tank would cost aprox $2885 or $30 per gallon.
The averaged wattage is 5.2 watts per gallon, photo period of 10.5 hours per day.
The largest tank is a 300 gallon smallest a 10 gallon.
The most expensive tank was a 220 gallon and had a value of $15,000
3 tanks were above $7000 a 300 and 2 –180 gallons
8 tanks where in the $5000 range
15 between $4000 - $5000
19 between $3000 - $4000
18 between $1000 - $2000
20 in the $500 range
3 below $500
8 had an undisclosed value.

The preferred means of information.
First Choice of Information
27 Books
20 Internet
18 Newsgroup (Usenet)
10 Dealers
8 Webpages
6 Magazines
2 Friends
2 Aquarium Societies
Second Choice of Information
25 Books
11 Internet
10 Newsgroup (Usenet)
8 Dealers
7 Magazines
6 Webpages
4 Friends
3 Other hobbyists
Third Choice of Information
23 Books
22 Internet
12 Dealers
9 Webpages
7 Magazines
3 From MIstakes
3 Newsgroups (Usenet)

Lighting

photo period 10.5 hours per day
5.2 watts per gallon
10 use MHandFLO
12 use MHandNO ???
8 use MHandVHO
9 use NO
16 use Power compacts
8 use power compact and some additional lighting
13 use MH
8 use VHO
2 use MHandPCandNO
1 uses VHOandHO
1 uses HO
7 are unknown

Skimmers vary, most being venturi followed by CPR and ETS
The preferred salt mix is Instant Ocean 53 / Coralife 12 / Kent 6 / Reef Crystals 6 /Red Sea 3 / Tropic Marin 5 / Red Sea 3 / Local seawater 2
14 hobbyists out of 95 do not use tap water purification. Spectrapure being the most popular


Substrate
Average thickness is 1.4"
with 14 tanks having less than 1"
11 do not use substrate
10 use .25”
4 use .5”
1 uses .75”
15 use 1”
19 use between 1.5” – 2”
13 use 2”
8 use 2” – 3”
5 use 3”
2 use 3.5”
4 use 4”
2 use 5”
6 hobbyists use an actual plenum system.
21 use aragonite
7 use CaribSea
12 crushed coral
18 livesand
18 some type of reef sand
17 unknown


These are the results regarding water changes.
I find it extremely interesting that despite all the controversy regarding water changes that hobbyists employ what seems to work best for them. As you can se they vary tremendously!

20% every 3 months ~ 5% twice a month ~ 20% every few months/changing to 5 gal. a week ~ 35gallons every other month ~ 20% every 3-4months ~ 15%monthly ~ 10% every 2 months ~ 15 gallons once a month ~ 5% every 2 weeks ~ 30% every 2months ~ 10 gallons every 2-3 months ~ 10 - 20% per month ~15% once per month ~ 10% every 2 weeks ~ 5% every month ~ 1gal per week ~ 10 - 15% once per month ~ 10% weekly ~ 5% bi weekly ~ 20% a month ~ 10% every 1 - 2 months ~ 10% every 1- 2 months ~ 10% every 1 - 2 months ~ every 4 - 6 months ~ 10% every 2 months ~ 10% weekly ~ 8 gallons every 6 weeks ~ 15 gallons every 2 weeks ~ 10% per month ~ 10% every 2 weeks ~ 10% every 3-4 Months ~10% monthly ~ 20% monthly ~ 15% every 2 weeks ~ none ~ 25% weekly ~ 20 gallons every 3 weeks ~ 7 gal per week ~ 1-2 gal per day ~ 30% 3-4 months ~ 20% monthly ~ 15 - 20%monthly ~ 15 gallons 1 x per Mon. ~ Every 2-3 weeks. 75 or 100litres ~ 2 years since last ~ 2 gal 1 X per Mon. ~ 20% a month ~ 15% bi-weekly ~ 5 gal every other month ~ 10 - 15% every 8 weeks 8 - 16 gall per wk.


Here is what you said were the biggest challenges in keeping a reef tank.
The diverse answers indicate to me a well rounded, informed reef community.
Spending hundreds of hours doing research
Keeping overflow clear maintaining water conditions
finding time to enjoy the tank
Getting corals to grow fast and consistently
long term costs
Maintaining proper water quality and chemical balance
Setting up equipment to work properly
Nothing its pretty easy
vacuuming detritus weekly
Setting up and keeping everything healthy
Mimicking Natural salt water
Maintaining constant conditions,
cause and effect
Keeping the temp down
Algae Aquascaping
Understanding concepts planning
Understanding water chemistry
Planning maintenance,
evaporation
Understanding the chemistry for a stable tank
Properly placing corals
Maintaining low nutrient levels
Algae
wife
Sexual reproduction of corals
Finding healthy animals
cleaning coraline from acrylic
keeping temp down
Maintaining the fine balance of water chemistry
Getting up to date information
keeping my shrimp alive
money
Getting un-bias information
duplicating a natural environment
Patience
having livestock flourish
water quality
learning everything I can
Unknown
Not looking at it as a challenge
Control of fish diseases
Dealing with the LFS
keeping water conditions stable
Getting the tank balanced
algae blooms
understanding the requirements and compatibility
Common names
Patience
Ignoring bad advise
Finding quality corals
keeping corals alive and growing
keeping stable water parameters


55 Tanks 8/28/97
Average tank size is

96gallons.
With a sump of 19 gallons.
Containing 108 lbs of live rock, or 1.18 lbs per gallon.
This "averaged" 96 gallon tank would cost aprox $3000 or $31 per gallon.
The averaged wattage is 5.18 watts per gallon, photo period of 11 hours per day.
The largest tank is a 220 gallon smallest a 10 gallon.
2 tanks are in the $8000 range
1 is $6000
7 tanks are in the $5000 range
8 are in the $4000

1 tank is under $500 and yes, its the 10 gallon.

Lighting

photo period 11.28 hours per day
5.18 watts per gallon
13 use MHandFLO
12 use MHandNO
7 use MHandVHO
7 use NO
4 use Power compacts
4 use MH
4 use VHO
2 use MHandPCandNO
1 uses VHOandHO
1 uses HO

Substrate:

Average thickness 1.6"
with 14 tanks having less than 1",
17 use between 1 -2"
6 use 2.5"
6 use 3"
3 use 4"
and 6 hobbyists using an actual plenum system.
Most of the substrate seems to be carib sea aragonite, followed by oolithic sand
8 people having actual live sand

The preferred salt mix is Instant Ocean 30 / Coralife 6 / Kent 4 / Reef Crystals 4 /Red Sea 4 / Tropic Marin 3 / Red Sea 3 /
Local seawater 3 and least expensive 1
The preferred means of information Books 33 / Internet 25 / Newsgroup 20 / LFS 16 / Magazines 16 / Aqua Society 8
/Aquarium Frontiers 6 / Friends 6
Skimmers vary, most being venturi followed by CPR and ETS.
10 hobbyists out of 53 do not use tap water purification. Spectrapure being the most popular


39 Tanks submitted by 35 hobbyists 8/29/97
Average tank size is 87gallons. With a sump of 19 gallons. Containing 104 lbs of live rock, or 1.24 lbs per gallon. This
"averaged" 87 gallon tank would cost aprox $2600 or $30 per gallon. The averaged wattage is 5.3 watts per gallon, photo
period of 11 hours per day.

The largest tank is a 200 gallon smallest a 10 gallon.

8 tanks are in the $5000 range and this amount is the ceiling price for this survey.

1 tank is under $500 and yes, its the 10 gallon.

The preferred salt mix is

Instant Ocean 23 / Coralife 4 / Kent 4 / Reef Crystals 2 / Tropic Marin 2 / Red Sea 1 / Local seawater 1

and least expensive 1

Lighting <photo period 11hours per day 5.3 watts per gallon>

11 use MHandNO

7 use MHandVHO

5 use NO

4 use Power compacts

3 use MH

3 use VHO

2 use MHandPCandNO

1 uses VHOandHO

1 uses HO

The preferred means of information
Books 23 / Internet 23 / Newsgroup 15 / LFS 14 / Magazines 13 / Aquarium Frontiers 6 / Aqua Society 5
Friends 5
Substrate: Average thickness 1.5" with 10 tanks having less than 1" and 4 hobbyists having an actual plenum system.

Most of the substrate seems to be carib sea aragonite, followed by oolithic sand, with 6 people having actual live sand

Skimmers vary, most being venturi followed by CPR and ETS.

10 hobbyists out of 39 do not use tap water purification. Spectrapure being the most popular


24 Tanks Survey Results from 8/3/97

24 Tanks entered Largest 200 gallon Smallest 10 gallon

Average tank size 79 gallon Average amount of live rock 1.48 lb per gallon

Most popular salt mix almost unanimous - Instant Ocean followed by Coralife and others

Most popular lighting sources in sequence- Metal Halideand Normal output / VHO / Power compacts

Average watts per gallon 5.12 Average hours per day 10.85

Average cost per gallon $38.35 Average cost per tank $3029

Where these people get their information in priority

15 votes for books
13 votes for internet web pages, archived info, searches ect
8 votes for the reef news group
8 votes for magazines
7 votes for dealers
2 votes for aquarium societies

One of the most interesting comparisons for me is the "what do you feel is the most challenging aspect of keeping a reef tank".
Almost everyone has a different answer to this, which seems to indicate very well rounded information and more of an
individual preference rather than a particular problem. I will perform another set of averages as submissions come in.